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<div class="v1pre" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Le ragioni del debito comune europeo, oltre il pretesto del Covid</span><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt;">di Raffaello Lupi  </span><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Sommario: 1. Eccezionalità del Covid e problemi permanenti del disegno europeo - 2. Perdita di peso del “mercato europeo” e venti di statalismo sull’Unione - 3 Il debito comune e le sue prospettive.  </span><br /><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt;">L’accordo trovato nel Consiglio europeo del 21 luglio 2020 è politico programmatico, ma molte sue conseguenze sono giuridicamente inevitabili. La più rilevante è l’emissione di un debito comune europeo, equivalente sul piano dei principi a quegli eurobond di cui si parla da dieci anni e che finora avevano visto le resistenze dei paesi meno indebitati. Su questo dibattito pluriennale si è inserita l’epidemia Covid, circostanza straordinaria che ha molto facilitato l’accordo politico della settimana scorsa. Un rifiuto di principio del debito comune avrebbe infatti alimentato ulteriormente polemiche ed incertezze che da anni scuotono la costruzione europea. Mi riferisco allo scetticismo verso una sorta di superstato europeo, non governato da rappresentanti politici comuni eletti[1], senza uffici amministrativi controllati da un’opinione pubblica comune. Quest’ultima, che interagisce coi propri rappresentanti politici, e li controlla socialmente, è infatti configurabile solo a livello nazionale[2].</span><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Si tratta di un “unicum geopolitico”, molto più fluido delle confederazioni, ma di cui troviamo incursioni anche nei più intimi dettagli della vita quotidiana. Verso tutto questo montava da anni, nelle opinioni pubbliche di molti stati membri, uno scetticismo rivelato sia dal referendum Brexit, sia dalla nascita, nei più importanti paesi europei, di tendenze tutt’altro che entusiaste del disegno comunitario; queste tendenze, al di là delle banalizzazioni di alcune forze politiche che vi si collegano, non possono essere puramente e semplicemente esorcizzate[3], etichettandole come populiste e retrograde.</span></div>

<div class="v1pre" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">https://www.giustiziainsieme.it/it/europa-e-corti-internazionali/1269-le-ragioni-del-debito-comune-europeo-oltre-il-pretesto-del-covid</span></span></div>

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